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THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING INSIDE OUTSIDE CIRCLE IN TEACHING SPEAKING SKILL AT THE TENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SMK MA’ARIF 4 KEBUMEN IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR OF 2018/2019

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING INSIDE OUTSIDE CIRCLE IN TEACHING SPEAKING SKILL AT THE TENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SMK MA’ARIF 4 KEBUMEN IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR OF 2018/2019

Ahmad Faozi, Abdul Ngafif

Universitas Muhammadiyah Purworejo, Jln. K.H.A. Dahlan Purworejo 54111, Purworejo, Indonesia

Corresponding e-mail: ahmadfaozi60@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study is to find out whether using Inside Outside Circle in teaching speaking skill at the tenth grade students of SMK Ma’arif 4 Kebumen in the academic year of 2018/2019 is effective or not. In order to achieve the aim of this study, the researcher uses pre-test and post-test quasi experimental design. The population of this study are the tenth grade students of SMK Ma’arif 4 Kebumen in the academic year of 2018/2019 consists of 264 students. By employing purposive sampling technique, the sample of this study is class X TKRO B as experimental group consist of 32 students and class X TKRO A as control group consists of 32 students. In collecting the data, the researcher uses oral test as the instrument. In collecting the data, the researcher gave pre-test and post-test gave to the both of the groups. Meanwhile, the researcher gave treatment to the experimental group and gave explanation of the material to the control group.

The result shows that the mean score of experimental group is 83.25 which belongs to excellent category, and the mean score of control group is 76.75 which belongs to good category. To see whether the hypothesis is accepted or rejected, the researcher uses of z-test and because of the data have abnormal distribution, the researcher uses Mann-Whitney U test. The z-value is than consulted to the z-table at the 0,05 significance level. It shows that the z-value is 2.645 and the z-table is 1.96. It means that z- value is higher than z-table that is 2.645 > 1.96. Therefore, it can be concluded that the use of Inside Outside Circle in teaching speaking skill at the tenth grade students of Smk Ma’arif 4 Kebumen in the academic year of 2018/2019 is effective.

Keywords: Inside Outside Circle, Speaking Skill, Teaching.

A.       Introduction

Language is the most important aspect in human interaction. People communicate and interact with others by using it. In a wide community, English has become an International language. Most of the countries in the world use English as an International language to communicate with other countries. Thus, English is important to be taught and learned by the students. As the form of the government response toward this case, English language has been put in the educational system in the country, and it is taught from elementary school until university and becomes a compulsory subject as in Indonesia it is a foreign language.

Furthermore, the study of English as foreign language is mainly developed to master four language skill such as listening, speaking, reading, and writing. Based on the four language skills, speaking is the most important skill in gaining the daily communication. In teaching speaking skill, especially at SMK Ma’arif 4 Kebumen. The problem is that teachers seem to have difficulties in deciding what techniques and media must be used and how to teach speaking appropriately. But the students in this school sometimes face many problems in learning speaking because many factors such as they are shy of speaking in the class, they are confuse what to say in learning English, they have low participation and lack of vocabulary in learning English, they have low motivation from their teacher in the learning process and less self confidence when they are speak in front of the class.

To solve students problems in speaking, the researcher tried to apply a teaching technique called Inside Outside Circle technique to make the students become active to improve their speaking ability.

B.        Literature Review

1.      Inside outside circle

Brown (2007:14) says that Inside Outside Circle is included in cooperative learning that allows the students to share information and help each other in finding a solution for a certain problem. Hedrick (2010: 125) states that Inside Outside Circle Technique is a simple strategy for students to share information when questioning, sharing or problem solving in class. Smith (2006: 53) defines that Inside Outside Circle Technique is a technique that focus on large group discussion and actively involve all of students to share their ideas in the classroom.

2.      Speaking

Bahadorfar and Omidvar (2014:9) say that speaking is one of the skill that have to be mastered by students in learning English. Speaking is an essential tool for communicating in the classroom, improving the speaking abilities of students has always been a concern. Harmer (2004:269) says that speaking is the ability to speak fluently presupposes not only knowledge of language feature, but also the ability to process information and language. Mackey in Zyoud (2016:3) states that speaking is an oral expression that involves not only the use of right patterns of rhythm and intonation but also right order to convey the right meaning.

3.      Teaching speaking

Brown (2001:275-276) proposes that there are some principles in designing speaking teaching techniques as follows:

1)      Using techniques which cover different types of learners needs ranging from language based focus on accuracy to message based focus on meaning, interaction, and fluency.

2)      Employing various motivating techniques. Motivating techniques should be able to attract students to access their goal of learning and need of knowledge and achieve competence.

3)      Using authentic language in meaningful context.

Nunan in Thomas (2011:18) describes what teaching involves. He stated to teach speaking means to teach language learners to:

1)        Produce the English speech sounds and sound patterns.

2)        Use word and sentence stress, intonation patterns and the rhythm of the second language.

3)        Select appropriate words and sentences according to the proper social setting, audience, situation and subject matter.

C.        Method

This research uses non-equivalent control group design as its research design and it takes 2 classes (XTKRO B-Experiment Group and XTKRO A-Control Group) as the subject of the research which is taken place at SMK MA’ARIF 4 Kebumen located at Jalan Aroengbinang, Kebumen, Central Java. The variables in the research are teaching speaking skill using inside outside circle as independent variable and the students’ speaking skill as dependent variable.

From the population that is 264 students, the researcher takes 2 (two) classes consist of 64 students by using purposive sampling technique. Meanwhile, to get the data the researcher uses oral test to measure the students’ speaking skill. The steps in collecting the data is making the research instrument, consulting to the expert, giving pre-test, giving treatment, and then giving post-test. To analyze the data, the researcher uses descriptive and inferential analysis.

D.       Findings and Discussion

From the data and computation, the researcher got the finding and it will be discussed below:

1.         The students of experimental group at the tenth grade students of SMK Ma’arif 4 Kebumen in academic year of 2018/2019 have excellent result on their speaking. From 32 samples, there are 23 students categorized excellent (72%). There are 9 students categorized good (28%). Meanwhile, the students of control group at the tenth grade students of SMK Ma’arif 4 Kebumen in academic year of 2018/2019 have sufficient result on their speaking. From 32 samples, there are 16 students categorized excellent (50%). There are 12 students categorized good (37%). There are 3 students categorized sufficient (9%). There are 1 students categorized fairly sufficient (3%) based on table of achievement as proposed by Arikunto (2013: 281).

2.         Because of the data is abnormal, the distribution the researcher uses non parametric formula that is Mann Whitney u-test because the number of students more than 20, so that he use z-test formula. From the computation, The result of z-value is 2.645. Being compared to 0.05 significance level, the value of z-table is 1.96. The computation shows that z-value is higher than z-table, which is 2.645>1.96, so the alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted. It means that using Inside Outside Circle in teaching speaking skill at the tenth grade students of SMK Ma’arif 4 Kebumen in academic year of 2018/2019 is effective.

E.        Conclusions

Based on the data that have been collected and analyzed, the researcher may draw conclusions as follows:

1.      The mean score of the experimental group in pre-test is 59.25 categorized sufficient and the mean score of the control group in pre-test is 60.75 categorized sufficient. The mean score of the experimental group in post-test is 83.25 categorized excellent and the mean score of the control group in post-test is 76.75 categorized good.

2.      Using inside outside circle is effective in teaching speaking skill at the tenth grade students of SMK Ma’arif 4 Kebumen in the academic year of 2018/2019. It can be seen from the result of z_value is 2.645. The result of z_value is higher than z_table (2.645 < 1.96).

F.        References

Bahadorfar, M. and Omidvar, R. 2014. Technology in teaching speaking skill. Acme International Journal of Multidiciplinary Reseacrh, 2 (5), 9-13.

Brown. 2001. Teaching by Principles: An Interactive Approach to Language Pedagogy. (2nd Edition). New York: Pearson Education Co.

______. 2007. Principles of Language Learning and Teaching. San francisco: United States of America.

Harmer. 2004. How To Teach Writing: Effective Sentence, Paragraph, and Essay. New York: Longman.

Hedrick, Vickie. 2010. Continuous Improvement In The Language Arts Classroom. California: ASQ. All Rights Reserved.

Smith, Aaker Janet. 2006. Instructional Strategies for the Classroom. Newton: Pieces of Learning.

Thomas, James E. 2011. Teaching Speaking Skills. Master Diploma Thesis. Department of English And American Studies Masaryk University.

Zyoud, M. 2016. Theoretical Perspective on How to Develop Speaking Skill among University Students. Pune Research Scholar; An International Multidisciplinary Journal Vol. 2 Issue, 1, 1-10.